What is defined by the comparison between two values in conditional logic?

The correct answer is based on the fundamental principles of conditional logic, which is a fundamental concept in programming and decision-making processes. A condition is essentially a statement that evaluates to either true or false, depending on the comparison between two values.

For instance, in conditional statements like "if" clauses, a condition is what allows the program to decide between two paths based on the outcome of that evaluation. This logic is critical for controlling the flow of execution in programming, enabling scenarios like decision-making based on user inputs or computational results.

In the context of the other options, while variables store values, they do not in themselves constitute a comparison; functions perform actions and encapsulate logic but do not inherently define conditions; and arrays are structures used to store collections of data, which also do not directly represent a conditional logic evaluation. Thus, a condition is specifically what allows the comparison between two values and determines the course of action based on that comparison.